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美国水泥短缺至少有三的原因。第一，以往十年里，水泥需求平平，由于利息低，住宅建筑增多，经济增长了，2003年的四季度水泥需求量增加了一倍。第二，水泥依赖进口，但水泥的运送船数量自1985年以来没增加过。建筑行业进口其他材料如铝都是用集装箱装运，从来没遇到货运船只不足的问题。
最后，中国为2008年的奥运会计划进行大量的基础建设，这使全球海运也趋于紧张。中国经济的快速发展也增加了对钢材、小麦、棉花等的需求。为了满足这些需求，流入中国的货物在短时间内戏剧性地增加。
一个可能的解决方案是联邦政府取消从墨西哥R-Fla.进口水泥的关税。有关部门已提出申请，希望有所回应。
原文：
BUILDERS WERE CAUGHT OFF GUARD last month when cement shortages hit south Florida and started spreading to South Carolina, Louisiana, and Texas, states that depend on cement imports shipped from overseas.
Cement imports average 22 percent nationally, but Florida imports 40 percent of its cement, which is why the state was the first to report a problem. The cement shortage is causing anxiety because it is used in everything from foundations to driveways to sidewalks. In some cases, cement is employed in the full construction of a home.
There are at least three reasons for the cement shortage. First, cement demand was flat during the first part of the decade, but as low interest rates caused housing activity to surge, strong economic growth and favorable winter weather conditions created a double-digit cement demand during the fourth quarter of 2003.
Second, the cement industry is heavily dependent on imports, and the number of bulk carrier ships the industry relies on to cover the shortfall between domestic production and consumption has been stagnant at about 5,700 since 1985. The building industry imports other products, such as ceramic tile and aluminum, but they are shipped in containers as opposed to bulk carriers and are not experiencing a shortage of ships.
Finally, China's attempt to build up its infrastructure to prepare for the 2008 Olympic Games has put a strain on the global shipping industry. China's tremendous economic growth has increased the demand in international markets for steel scrap, basic metals, wheat, and cotton. To meet this increased demand, freight flowing to China has increased dramatically over a short period of time.
One potential solution is for the industry to work with the federal government to eliminate the tariff on cement from Mexico. Rep. Mark Foley (R-Fla.) has written a letter to Commerce Secretary Donald Evans asking the government to investigate the issue and report back any potential actions the Department of Commerce could take.
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